Gamma-ray Burst 040223

(All information courtesy of the instrument teams.)

Previous IAU Circulars

none

Results of Observations

GCN/INTEGRAL_POSITION

TITLE:          GCN/INTEGRAL NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:    Mon 23 Feb 04 13:28:28 UT 
NOTICE_TYPE:    INTEGRAL Wakeup
TRIGGER_NUM:    1514,   Sub_Num: 0
GRB_RA:         249.9194d {+16h 39m 41s} (J2000),   
                249.9920d {+16h 39m 58s} (current),
                249.0452d {+16h 36m 11s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:        -41.9204d {-41d 55' 12"} (J2000), 
                -41.9283d {-41d 55' 41"} (current),
                -41.8228d {-41d 49' 21"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:      3.13 [arcmin, radius, statistical only]
GRB_INTEN:      9.19 [sigma]   
GRB_TIME:       48499.71 SOD {13:28:19.71} UT
GRB_DATE:       13058 TJD;    54 DOY;   04/02/23
SC_RA:          252.12 [deg] (J2000) 
SC_DEC:         -50.69 [deg] (J2000)  
SUN_POSTN:      336.15d {+22h 24m 36s}   -9.94d {-09d 56' 33"}
SUN_DIST:        80.53 [deg]   
MOON_POSTN:      13.26d {+00h 53m 02s}   +2.97d {+02d 58' 15"}
MOON_DIST:      116.24 [deg]
GAL_COORDS:     341.64,  3.18 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:     254.27,-19.57 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:       INTEGRAL GRB Coordinates.

GCN/INTEGRAL_POSITION

 
TITLE:          GCN/INTEGRAL NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:    Mon 23 Feb 04 14:31:36 UT 
NOTICE_TYPE:    INTEGRAL Offline
TRIGGER_NUM:    1514,   Sub_Num: 1
GRB_RA:         249.8897d {+16h 39m 34s} (J2000),   
                249.9623d {+16h 39m 51s} (current),
                249.0155d {+16h 36m 04s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:        -41.9294d {-41d 55' 45"} (J2000), 
                -41.9373d {-41d 56' 13"} (current),
                -41.8317d {-41d 49' 53"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:      2.50 [arcmin, radius, statistical only]
GRB_INTEN:      9.19 [sigma]
GRB_TIME:       48499.71 SOD {13:28:19.71} UT
GRB_DATE:       13058 TJD;    54 DOY;   04/02/23
SC_RA:          252.12 [deg] (J2000)
SC_DEC:         -50.69 [deg] (J2000)  
SUN_POSTN:      336.15d {+22h 24m 36s}   -9.94d {-09d 56' 33"}
SUN_DIST:        80.55 [deg]   
MOON_POSTN:      13.26d {+00h 53m 02s}   +2.97d {+02d 58' 15"}
MOON_DIST:      116.26 [deg]
GAL_COORDS:     341.62,  3.19 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:     254.25,-19.58 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:       INTEGRAL GRB Coordinates.

GCN notice #2525
D. Gotz, S. Mereghetti, M. Beck, J. Borkowski on behalf of the IBAS Localization Team, S. Shaw and N. Mowlavi on behlaf of the INTEGRAL Science Data Centre and the INTEGRAL Science Working Team report:
A long GRB has been detected with the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System (IBAS) at 2004-02-23T13:28:10 UTC. The GRB has been detected with IBIS/ISGRI in the 15-200 keV band. The refined coordinates (J2000) are:
```
R.A. 16h 39m 34s
Dec. -41deg 55' 46''
```
with an uncertainty of 2.5 arcmin.
Further analysis is on-going and will be communicated through GCNs.
This message can be cited.
GCN notice #2526
D. Gotz and S. Mereghetti on behalf of the IBAS Localization Team and the INTEGRAL Science Working Team report:
The preliminary peak flux of GRB 040223 in the 20-200 keV range is about 0.4 photons/cmsq/s (3 x 10^-8 erg/cmsq/s) (1 s integration time). Offline analysis shows besides a main peak lasting about 35 s two fainter peaks 100 and 180 seconds earlier respectively.
This messages can be cited.
GCN notice #2527
```
TITLE:   GCN GRB OBSERVATION REPORT
NUMBER:  2527
SUBJECT: GRB 040106 : Planned XMM-Newton observation
DATE:    04/02/23 17:20:56 GMT
FROM:    Norbert Schartel at XMM-Newton/ESA  
```
XMM-Newton will observe GRB 040223 at location (RA=16h 39m 34s, DEC=-41d 55' 45", J2000), starting at 17:43:40 UT, on February 23, 2004, for an exposure of 45300 seconds.
GCN notice #2528
```
TITLE:   GCN GRB OBSERVATION REPORT
NUMBER:  2528
SUBJECT: GRB 040223 : Planned XMM-Newton observation
DATE:    04/02/23 17:37:00 GMT
FROM:    Norbert Schartel at XMM-Newton/ESA  
```
XMM-Newton will observe GRB 040223 at location (RA=16h 39m 34s, DEC=-41d 55' 45", J2000), starting at 17:43:40 UT, on February 23, 2004, for an exposure of 45300 seconds.
GCN notice #2529
Michel G. Breitfellner, Puri Munuera and Alberto Martos report:
Quick-Look-Analysis of the XMM-Newton observation of the GRB040223 field (D. Gotz et al. GCN 2525), based on 7 ks exposures in the EPIC pn and MOS cameras, respectively, shows the presence of a source within the INTEGRAL error circle.
XMMU J163929.9-415601 (J2000): R.A. = 16h 39m 29.9s Decl. = -41deg 56' 1.4" with an estimated EPIC/pn count rate of 0.002 [counts/sec];
At this stage of reduction the position error is expected to be less than 6".
GCN notice #2530
```
TITLE:   GCN GRB OBSERVATION REPORT
NUMBER:  2530
SUBJECT: GRB 040223 XMM-Newton observation ... 
DATE:    04/02/23 22:01:04 GMT
FROM:    Norbert Schartel at XMM-Newton/ESA  
```
Michel G. Breitfellner, Puri Munuera and Alberto Martos report:
Due to automated procedure errors, XMM-Newton has issued two GCN circulars today with incorrect subject headers. We here re-issue the latest circular with a corrected header. Procedures are being updated to avoid a recurrence of this problem.
:==>
Quick-Look-Analysis of the XMM-Newton observation of the GRB040223 field (D. Gotz et al. GCN 2525), based on 7 ks exposures in the EPIC pn and MOS cameras, respectively, shows the presence of a source within the INTEGRAL error circle.
XMMU J163929.9-415601 (J2000): R.A. = 16h 39m 29.9s Decl. = -41deg 56' 1.4" with an estimated EPIC/pn count rate of 0.002 [counts/sec];
At this stage of reduction the position error is expected to be less than 6".
GCN notice #2531
G.L. Israel, S. Covino, G. Tosti, V. Testa, M. Stefanon, E. Molinari, P. Conconi, F.M. Zerbi, G. Chincarini, M. Rodono', L.A. Antonelli, G. Cutispoto, L. Nicastro, L. Burderi, S. Campana, C. Campeggi, G. Crimi, R. Cunniffe, J. Danziger, A. Di Paola, A. Fernandez-Soto, F. Fiore, F. Frontera, D. Fugazza, G. Gentile, G. Ghisellini, P. Goldoni, B. Jordan, D. Lazzati, D. Lorenzetti, D. Malesani, E. Martinetti, N. Masetti, R. Mazzoleni, B. Mc Breen, A. Melandri, S. Messina, E. Meurs, A. Monfardini, G. Nucciarelli, M. Orlandini, J. Paul, E. Palazzi, E. Pian, P. Saracco, S. Sardone, A. Simoncelli, L. Stella, G. Tagliaferri, M. Tavani, S. Vergani, and F. Vitali, report:
The REM telescope, currently in commissioning phase, observed the field of the INTEGRAL GRB 040223 (Gotz et al., GCN 2525) starting on February 24 at 06:05 UT (16.6 h after the burst). Several 1-minute exposures were acquired in the H and Ks bands with the REMIR Infrared camera, as well as in the I band with the ROSS slitless imaging spectrograph. The seeing was approximately 1.5".
No transient was found in any of the collected images, with the following upper limits:
```
I  > 17.0
H  > 15.5
Ks > 15.0
```
A more refined analysis is in progress. Given the high Galactic extinction towards this line of sight (A_V ~ 6 mag, A_K ~ 0.6 mag), we encourage further NIR observations.
This message may be cited.
GCN notice #2532
A. M. Soderberg (Caltech) and D. A. Frail (NRAO) report on behalf of a larger Caltech/NRAO/Carnegie GRB collaboration:
"We observed the field of GRB 040223 (GCN 2525) with the Very Large Array at 4.9 and 8.5 GHz on Feb 24.58 UT (t=1.0 d). We do not detect a radio source within the XMM error circle (GCN 2529) and place the following 2-sigma limits on the field: 200 and 174 uJy at 4.9 and 8.5 GHz, respectively."
GCN notice #2533
R. Gonzalez-Riestra and P. Rodriguez-Pascual from the XMM-Newton SOC report:
Preliminary EPIC-pn images, light-curves and spectra from the XMM-Newton observation of the field of GRB 040223 are available at the home-page of the XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre: http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/external/xmm_news/items/grb040223/index.shtml
The XMM-EPIC exposure started less than 5 hours after the occurrence of the outburst, this being the fastest XMM-Newton ToO response to date. The light curve of the source reported in GCN 2530, XMMU J163929.9-415601, is highly variable, decreasing from 0.08 to 0.03 counts/sec (0.3-9 keV) during the 42 ksec of the observation.
The EPIC-pn spectrum of XMMU J163929.9-415601 is absorbed below 1 keV, consistent with a Hydrogen column density of 1.7E22 cm-2. The observed flux in the 2-10 keV band is approximately 2.4E-13 erg cm-2 s-1.
GCN notice #2534
A. Gomboc, J.M. Marchant, R.J. Smith, C.J. Mottram and S.N. Fraser (Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University)
The Faulkes Telescope North (Hawaii) observed the field of the INTEGRAL GRB 040223 (Gotz et al., GCN 2525) during commissioning testing starting on 23 February at 15:02:19 UT (1.5 hours after the burst). 17 exposures ranging from 100 to 300 seconds were taken before twilight became too bright to continue.
No optical counterpart was identified with an SDSS r'-band magnitude r' < 18.
Further optical observations are not planned.
GCN notice #2535
G. Tagliaferri, D. Fugazza, S. Covino, N. Cucchiara, P. D'Avanzo, S. Kalogerakos, A. Simoncelli, F.M. Zerbi (INAF-OAB); G. Chincarini (UNIMIB & INAF-OAB); O. Hainaut (ESO-La Silla); G.L. Israel, L. Stella (INAF-OAR); D. Malesani (SISSA); on behalf of a larger collaboration report:
We observed the field of the INTEGRAL GRB 040223 (Gotz et al. GCN 2525) with SofI at the ESO-NTT telescope in the JHKs filters. We observed this field three times, at Feb 24.258, Feb 24.383 and Feb 25.361 UT (i.e. 0.70, 0.82, and 1.8 days after the GRB). In the Ks-band the seeing was of 1.0, 0.6 and 0.7 arcsec, respectively.
We detect 32 sources with Ks magnitude between 15.0 and 19.9 within a square box of 12.5 arcsec, which corresponds to the XMM-Newton error circle (Breitfellner et al. GCN 2530). The brightest five have the following magnitudes (calibrated to the 2MASS):
```
 Ra(2000)   Dec(2000)    K1s              K2s             K3s
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
16:39:30.2 -41:56:03.3  14.91 +/- 0.11   14.93 +/- 0.08  15.00 +/- 0.10
16:39:29.3 -41:56:01.2  15.48 +/- 0.11   15.44 +/- 0.08  15.52 +/- 0.10
16:39:29.5 -41:55:59.8  15.55 +/- 0.12   15.58 +/- 0.09  15.61 +/- 0.10
16:39:29.6 -41:56:08.8  16.28 +/- 0.12   16.15 +/- 0.08  16.25 +/- 0.10
16:39:29.5 -41:56:06.2  16.70 +/- 0.12   16.62 +/- 0.09  16.76 +/- 0.10
```
We do not observe significant variability for the sources detected in the XMM-Newton error box between the three exposures. Therefore, we have no indication of a transient associated with the XMM-Newton source. A full analysis of these data is in progress. More observations at ESO are not planned.
For the NTT SofI Ks finding charts and the list of sources detected in the XMM-Newton error box, see http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~taglia/GRB040223/grb.html
We thank the ESO La Silla staff for their prompt reaction and support. This message can be cited.
GCN notice #2547
A. De Luca (IASF, Milan, on behalf of Progetto Swift Italia), S. Mereghetti, A. Tiengo (IASF, Milan), S. Campana (OAB-Merate) report:
We have obtained an improved position for the likely afterglow of the INTEGRAL GRB 040223 (GCN 2525)
Astrometry of the XMM-Newton/EPIC images was done by matching X-ray sources in the field to stars in the USNO-B1 catalogue. The refined position (J2000) for the X-ray afterglow (source XMMU J163929.9-415601, GCN 2530) is:
RA:16h 39m 30.17s Dec:-41d 55' 59.7''
The 1 sigma error radius is 1.5 arcsec (including the rms error on the cross-correlation as well as systematic uncertainties in the optical catalogue).
This message may be cited.
GCN notice #2548
A.Tiengo, S.Mereghetti, A.De Luca (IASF-Milano) report:
A preliminary analysis of the XMM-Newton TOO observation (Gonzalez-Riestra and Rodriguez-Pascual GCN 2533) of the INTEGRAL GRB 040223 (Gotz et al. GCN 2525) gives the following results for the X-ray afterglow:
The average spectrum is well fit by a steep power law with photon index 2.8+/-0.2, absorption (1.75+/-0.2)x10^22 cm^-2, and observed flux 2.6x10^-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (2-10 keV).
The source is fading, with a temporal decay well described by a power law with index (1.0+/-0.2).
The ~40 ksec long XMM-Newton observation started at 18:54 UT of February 23, 2004.
This message may be cited.
GCN notice #2549
A. Simoncelli, P. D'Avanzo, S. Campana, S. Covino, D. Fugazza, A. Cucchiara, S. Kalogerakos, G. Tagliaferri, F.M. Zerbi (INAF-OAB); G. Chincarini (UNIMIB & INAF-OAB); G.L. Israel, L. Stella (INAF-OAR); D. Malesani (SISSA); A. De Luca (IASF, Milan) on behalf of a larger collaboration report:
Following the improved position for the likely afterglow of GRB 040223 (GCN 2525) provided by De Luca et al. (GCN 2547), we re-analysed our NTT + SofI data (JHKs filters, Tagliaferri et al. GCN 2535).
Inside the new error circle (99% confidence, 4.5'' radius) we found 13 objects: no one of these presents a typical afterglow behaviour (i.e. a monotonic decay).
For a list of these objects please refer to the table at the following URL http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~taglia/GRB040223/grb.html Objects within the error circle are identified with ID 1, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 30, 32. Limiting Ks magnitude is found to be ~ 20 (referred to the 2MASS catalog).
This message may be cited.
astro-ph/0601567 from 25 Jan 2006
D'Avanzo:
Understanding the reasons for the faintness of the optical/near-infrared afterglows of the so-called dark bursts is essential to assess whether they form a subclass of GRBs, and hence for the use of GRBs in cosmology. With VLT and other ground-based telescopes, we searched for the afterglows of the INTEGRAL bursts GRB 040223, GRB 040422 and GRB 040624 in the first hours after the triggers. A detection of a faint afterglow and of the host galaxy in the K band was achieved for GRB 040422, while only upper limits were obtained for GRB 040223 and GRB 040624, although in the former case the X-ray afterglow was observed. A comparison with the magnitudes of a sample of afterglows clearly shows the faintness of these bursts, which are good examples of a population that an increasing usage of large diameter telescopes is beginning to unveil.

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Jochen Greiner, last update: 30-Jan-2006 [Disclaimer]